Topics

Present

Past

Past to Present

Future

Abilities - Responsibilities

Asking Questions

Choosing the Right Phrase

Combining Verbs

Explaining Ideas

Describing Your World

Complex Ideas

Relating Ideas, People, Objects

Speaking about Objects

Wondering about Situations

Recent Events

Present Perfect

Present perfect for recent events:

The present perfect connects the past to the present moment. It is used to express an effect on the present moment. The time expressions 'just', 'yet' and 'already' are often used to express this relationship to the present moment in time.

Example:

That fish hasn't been caught in Alaska.

Has the full service hotel opened for business yet?

Peter has already finished the business plan for the coffee shop.

Already

Place 'already' directly before the past participle. 'Already' is used in positive sentences.

Subject + have + already + past participle + (object(s))

Peter has already finished the business plan for the coffee shop.

Yet

Place 'yet' at the end of a negative sentence or question.

Subject + have + not + past participle + (object(s)) + yet

The staff meeting hasn't concluded yet.

Have + subject + past participle + (object(s)) + yet?

Has the full service hotel opened for business yet?

Just

Place 'just' directly before the participle form to express that something has occurred recently. 'Just' is used in positive sentences.

Subject + have + just + past participle + (object(s))

The team has just come into the arena.

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