Topics

Present

Past

Past to Present

Future

Abilities - Responsibilities

Asking Questions

Choosing the Right Phrase

Combining Verbs

Explaining Ideas

Describing Your World

Complex Ideas

Relating Ideas, People, Objects

Speaking about Objects

Wondering about Situations

Ability, Admission and Advice

Basic Modals

Modals verbs modify principal verbs to express various degrees of modality such as necessity, permission, etc. . The most common modals are:

Can
Should

He can determine quality criteria on site.

We should store the quantity on hand so we can fill the order when it arrives.

Modal verbs remain in base form for all subjects.

Positive Form:

Subject + Modal + Verb + objects

He can determine quality criteria on site.

We should store the quantity on hand so we can fill the order when it arrives.

Negative Form:

Subject + Modal + Not + Verb + objects

The technical sheet can't have been printed before the order confirmation.

Jason shouldn't inflate the quantity on order in the report.

Question Form:

Modal + Subject + Verb + objects

Can you accurately report on the quantity in transit?

Should we obtain a randomized sample?

Can for Ability and Permission

'Can' is used to speak about abilities as well as asking for or giving permission.

Giving Advice with Should

Use 'Should' to ask for or give advice or suggestions.

Ought to, Had Better

'Ought to' and 'had better' express the same idea as 'should'. Although not as common as 'should' both these forms can be used in place of 'should'.

Example:

We ought to raise the reorder point.

We ought to be sure that the machines have received proper maintenance.

NOTE: 'had better' is a more urgent form.